The article presents a simple derivation of a set of approximate formulas f
or the rate of change of orbital elements of a planet, perturbed by a time-
averaged gravitational farce due to the remaining planets of the solar syst
em. The corresponding set of differential equations for long-time developme
nt of planetary orbits is then numerically integrated and the results are s
hown to be consistent with Milankovitch theory of climatic cycles.