B. Beiguelman et C. Franchi-pinto, Perinatal mortality among twins and singletons in a city in southeastern Brazil, 1984-1996, GENET MOL B, 23(1), 2000, pp. 15-23
Analysis of 116,699 deliveries (1062 twin pairs and 115,637 singletons) whi
ch occurred from 1984 to 1996 at the largest obstetric center in Campinas,
SP, Brazil, provided the following conclusions: 1) despite the low percenta
ge of twin births (0.9%), 10.7% of all early neonatal deaths and 3.5% of al
l stillbirths were twins. Compared to singletons, the likelihood of stillbi
rths and early neonatal deaths among twins was 1.9 and 6.5 times greater, r
espectively. 2) The proportion of twins among early neonatal deaths tended
to decrease, probably because of improvements in prenatal and perinatal car
e. 3) The critical period for early neonatal deaths in singletons and twins
lasted fur the three first days after birth. 4) The incidence of perinatal
deaths among twins was highest among MM pairs, followed by FF pairs, and l
owest among MF pairs. 5) There was a trend towards a decrease in the annual
rate of early neonatal deaths among both singletons and twins, and of stil
lbirths among singletons, the latter being more conspicuous among females.
6) The sex ratio of singletons was practically stable among living newborns
, but showed strong cyclic variation among early neonatal deaths, and a ten
dency to increase among stillbirths. Twins who died in the first week, as w
ell as living twins showed a strong increase in their sex ratio from 1984 t
o 1996. 7) The mean gestational age of singletons was highest among living
newborns followed by stillbirths, and was lowest among early neonatal death
s. The mean gestational age of living twins was higher than that of early n
eonatal deaths, but not different from that of stillbirths. 8) The mean bir
th weight of singletons and twins was highest among living newborns, follow
ed by stillbirths, and lowest among early neonatal deaths. 9) Apgar scores
greater than or equal to 7 obtained five minutes after birth are inadequate
as a reliable indicator of the clinical condition of the newborn, since al
most half of the early neonatal deaths had 5-min Apgar scores varying from
7 to 10.