Effect of legume management on forage production and residual effects on upland rice

An experiment was conducted over the period 1995-96 in a warm-temperate env ironment in Nepal to investigate the effect of cutting frequency on forage yields of three temperate legume species, grown during the winter season, a nd the residual treatment effects on a subsequent upland rice crop. The thr ee species, Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum), white clover (Trifolium repens) and vetch (Vicia benghalensis), proved to be well adapted to the w inter growing conditions and produced cumulative forage yields between 6.8 t DM ha(-1) (vetch) and 9.2 t DM ha(-1) (Persian clover). Vetch grew vigoro usly throughout the winter months and provided reasonable forage yields bet ween December and February, whereas the clovers provided green fodder up to July. These species may therefore make a substantial contribution to allev iating the severe shortage of quality feed during the winter months. Grain yields of the subsequent rice crop ranged from 3.6 to 7.3 t ha(-1). Rice yi elds were greatly affected by the previous legume species and forage manage ment practices. In general, the removal of legume forage greatly reduced th e residual effect, and farmers will have to seek a compromise between maxim izing green fodder production and the immediate beneficial residual effect of the legume crop on rice yield.