Fast advancement and hardening acceleration of low condensation alkaline phenol-formaldehyde resins by esters and copolymerized urea. II. Esters during resin reaction and effect of guanidine salts
Ch. Zhao et al., Fast advancement and hardening acceleration of low condensation alkaline phenol-formaldehyde resins by esters and copolymerized urea. II. Esters during resin reaction and effect of guanidine salts, J APPL POLY, 77(2), 2000, pp. 249-259
Guanidine carbonate is shown to be an accelerator of phenol-formaldehyde (P
F) resins that while yielding slightly slower gel times than triacetin when
added to a PF resin glue mix, is also capable of giving glue-mix pot lives
on the order of several days. Hence, this is long enough to be premixed wi
th the resin long before use. Both triacetin and guanidine carbonate used a
s simple glue-mix additives are shown to increase the ultimate strength of
the resin bond, whatever the length of the curing time used for the purpose
. This is shown by thermomechanical analysis and the application to wood pa
rticleboard. Triacetin is shown to be usable during PF resin preparation ra
ther than just being added to the glue mix, yielding better resins capable
of giving higher bond values without a great acceleration of the geling of
the resin itself. The mechanisms involved in the acceleration of PF resins
introduced by both compounds appears to be based on facilitating reactions
of crosslinking involving carbonic acid ions present in the resin solution.
(C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.