A three-dimensional analysis of the universal beam tandem rolling process - Part I. Deformation analysis

A three-dimensional analysis for the universal beam tandem rolling process is presented. The deformation analysis is carried out based on the upper bo und theorem and a three-dimensional continuous velocity field is proposed. In the present study, the major factors are taken into account, such as the effects of tension, the non-contact deformation of the web and the uneven distribution of the flow velocity in the lateral direction in both the flan ge and web deformation zones, the special deformation mechanism of a wide f lange beam in universal pass, crossflow between flange and web parts of the section and so on. Satisfactory results compared with experimental results were obtained, with good convergence, in the prediction of metal flow, fla nge spread, and web forward-slip under both forward and backward tensions. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.