In this paper, oleuropein and some other related phenolic compounds are rev
iewed. Their occurrence, distribution, biosynthesis and transformation duri
ng maturation and during industrial processing (preparation of table olives
and oil production) are described. Their role in human health is proposed
based on current human, animal and in vitro studies as molecules with antio
xidant and antimicrobial properties. (C) 2000 Society of Chemical Industry.