Quark confinement physics from quantum chromodynamics

We show the construction of the dual superconducting theory fur the confine ment mechanism from QCD in the maximally abelian (MA) gauge using the latti ce QCD Monte Carlo simulation. We find that essence of infrared albelian do minance is naturally understood with the off-diagonal gluon mass m(off) sim ilar or equal to 1.2GeV induced by the MA gauge fixing. In the MA gauge, th e off-diagonal gluon amplitude is forced to be small, and the off-diagonal gluon phase: tends tu be random. As the mathematical origin of abelian domi nance for confinement, we demonstrate that the strong randomness of the off -diagonal gluon phase leads to abelian dominance for the string tension. In the MA gauge, there appears the macroscopic network of thr: monopole world -line: covering the whole system. We investigate the monopole-current syste m in the MA gauge by analyzing the dual gluon field B-mu. We evaluate the d ual gluon mass as m(B) = 0.4 similar to 0.5GeV in the infrared region, whic h is the lattice-QCD evidence of the: dual Higgs mechanism by monopole cond ensation. Owing to infrared abelian dominance and infrared monopole condens ation, QCD ill the MA gauge is describable with the dual Ginzburg-Landau th eory.