M. Hartmann, RECRUITING OF TOP MANAGERS IN EUROPE - NA TIONAL EDUCATIONAL-SYSTEMS AND RENEWAL OF ELITES IN GERMANY, FRANCE AND GREAT-BRITAIN, Archives europeennes de sociologie, 38(1), 1997, pp. 3
Seventy-five to eighty per cent of the ruling elites of the three main
European nations (France, Great Britain and Germany) are drawn from t
he middle classes, and their social recruitment has hardly changed ove
r the last 25 years. According to the author, Bourdieu's theory of cla
ss habitus and the role of cultural capital is thus strongly confirmed
, refuting the common argument that the world of elites is opening up.