Industrial application of a thermodynamical model to predict inclusion composition

A model to predict microinclusion volume and chemistry, based on thermodyna mics and mass balance, was developed for aluminium-killed calcium treated s teels. The model turned out to be a useful tool in helping to solve many di fferent problems at several steelworks. In this work, examples of such appl ication are given, covering nozzle blockage by calcium sulphides in boron s teels, macroinclusion formation by calcium attack on refractories, and chem ical evolution of microinclusion with temperature.