Pharmacogenetics of sulfotransferase

Cytosolic sulfotransferase catalyzes sulfoconjugation of relatively small l ipophilic endobiotics and xenobiotics. At least 44 cytosolic sulfotransfera ses have been identified from mammals, and based on their amino acid sequen ces, these forms are shown to constitute five different families. In humans , 10 sulfotransferase genes have been identified and shown to localize on a t least five different chromosomes. The enzymatic properties characterized in the recombinant forms indicate the association of their substrate specif icity with metabolisms of such nonpeptide hormones as estrogen, corticoid, and thyroxine, although most forms are also active on the sulfation of vari ous xenobiotics. Genetic polymorphisms are observed on such human sulfotran sferases as ST1A2, ST1A3, and ST2A3.