In this paper, a Fault Detection and Isolation observer based method has be
en applied to biological wastewater treatment process. The method is design
ed with a dynamic model and the observer is determined using the eigenstruc
ture assignment approach. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated fur
both detection and isolation of an actuator and a sensor failure using expe
rimental data from a pilot scale anaerobic digestion process for the treatm
ent of an industrial wine distillery vinasses.