Beyond IQ: Broad-based measurement of individual success potential or "emotional intelligence"

Individual-difference correlates of life success were studied using 302 par ticipants aged 17-46 years (107 men, 195 women) and 31 individual-differenc e measures. Factor 1 (Relaxed Temperament) included Trait Pleasure-Displeas ure (+), Anxiety (-), Depression (-), Optimism (+), Self-Esteem (+), Covert Index of Employee Reliability (+), and Functional Flexibility (-). Positiv ely loading scales on Factor 2 (Arousable Temperament) were Trait Arousabil ity, Emotional Empathy, Emotional Thinking, and Affiliative Tendency. Facto r 3 (Disciplined Coal Orientation) included Delay of Gratification (+), Imp ulsivity (-), Procrastination (-), Patience (+), Integrity (+), Adaptive Co ping (+), and Intelligence (+). Positively loading scales on Factor 4 (Domi nant Temperament) were Trait Dominance-Submissiveness, Social Competence, A chieving Tendency, and Self-Actualization. Factors 1, 3, 4, and intelligenc e exhibited positive relations with all peer-rated criterion measures of li fe success. Trait Arousability, representing Factor 2, correlated negativel y with relationship, physical, work, and overall success. Physical attracti veness correlated positively with all success measures except emotional suc cess. When success measures were regressed against intelligence and persona lity scales or factors, intelligence did not account for variance beyond th at explained by personality.