This paper develops a growth model characterized by ability-biased technolo
gical transition in which the evolution of technology, education attainment
, and wage inequality is consistent with the observed pattern in the United
States and other advanced countries over the past several decades. It argu
es that an increase in the rate of technological progress raises the return
to ability and simultaneously generates an increase in wage inequality bet
ween and within groups of skilled and unskilled workers, an increase in ave
rage wages of skilled workers, a temporary decline in average wages of unsk
illed workers, an increase in education, and a productivity transitory slow
down.