A brief historical overview shows the main Christian claims about morality
and proper conduct, looking at questions about both prescriptions ("normati
ve ethics") and foundations ("metaethics"). Jesus did not leave a fully art
iculated ethical system, and hence it fell to his followers to tease our su
ch a system from his sayings and actions. Particularly important for Cathol
ic thinking has been the natural law theory of St. Thomas Aquinas. Particul
arly important for Protestant thinking have been the directives of the Gosp
el stories, although different branches of Protestantism emphasize differen
t parts of Christ's teachings. Foundationally important for all Christians
is God's will or desire, and it is necessary to show that this does not com
mit the believer to potentially capricious divine directives.