The role of the macrophage in periprosthetic bone loss

Aseptic loosening after total joint replacement remains the most common rea son for long-term implant failure, Macrophages activated by submicron wear particles of the polyethylene liner used in joint replacement have been sho wn to be the source of periprosthetic bone loss. Understanding the role of material chemistry in macrophage activation and the subsequent effects that macrophage-derived enzymes play in the degradation of implanted biomateria ls is key to developing methods for prolonging the lifespan of implantable materials.