Congenital arteriovenous fistulas of the bilateral internal mammary vessels

Internal mammary artery-to-venous fistulas represent a rare cause of a cont inuous precordial murmur that may be confused clinically with a patent duct us arteriosus. The acquired variety may be secondary to inflammatory, neopl asic, or traumatic events. A congenital fistula may occur as an isolated ev ent, as in the present case, and the question of advisability of endovascul ar treatment for this patient remains unanswered. (C) 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.