Jc. Eichelberger et Pe. Izbekov, Eruption of andesite triggered by dyke injection: contrasting cases at Karymsky Volcano, Kamchatka and Mt Katmai, Alaska, PHI T ROY A, 358(1770), 2000, pp. 1465-1485
Citations number
59
Categorie Soggetti
Multidisciplinary
Journal title
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
Arc volcanoes often erupt andesite that appears to have been stored in rese
rvoirs at shallow depth for protracted periods. As crystal-rich andesite is
close in density to upper crust, such storage may be quite stable. Petrolo
gical evidence, and occasionally geological and geophysical evidence as wel
l, suggests that the immediate trigger for eruption of the stored magma is
injection of new magma into the reservoir, presumably through dykes rising
from depth, When the dyke magma is more mafic than the stored andesite, eff
usive eruption typically results. When the dyke magma is voluminous and mor
e silicic, the results are catastrophic, with production of discontinuously
zoned tephra deposits and caldera collapse. Contrasting end-members are il
lustrated by the eruptions of Karymsky Volcano in 1996 and of Mt Katmai in
1912.