Turbulent pipe flow of HeI and HeII

Turbulent pipe flow of liquid He-4 has been investigated for Reynolds numbe rs from Re = 3 x 10(3) to Re = 3 x 10(6) to examine He I and He II turbulen ce in the presence of shear. The extremely low kinematic viscosity of liqui d helium allows us to achieve high Reynolds numbers in small laboratory app aratus. Our results agree with those using classical fluids, showing the ut ility of helium as a fluid for turbulence research. (C) 2000 Published by E lsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.