M. Dubois et al., Characterisation of carbonaceous materials derived from polyparaphenylene pyrolyzed at low temperature, CARBON, 38(9), 2000, pp. 1411-1417
Polyparaphenylene (PPP) was pyrolyzed at 700 degrees C for increasing treat
ment times in argon gas and for 6 h in different atmospheres (argon gas, hy
drogen gas and under dynamic vacuum). Systematic analysis by X-ray diffract
ion (XRD), Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopies, and elemental analysis w
ere performed in order to characterize the derived materials and to better
understand the mechanisms of the PPP decomposition. A study of the porous s
tructure completes this characterization. Thus, the thermal conversion of o
rganic materials to carbon can be studied, especially at the beginning of t
he polymer degradation. Important parameters for the application of these p
olymers pyrolyzed as anodic materials for secondary lithium-ion battery app
lication, such as the hydrogen content and the porous texture, are given in
this work. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.