We apply the self-consistent diagram approximation to calculate equilibrium
properties of lattice systems. The free energy of the system is represente
d by a diagram expansion in Mayer-like functions with averaging over states
of a reference system. The latter is defined by one-particle mean potentia
ls, which are calculated using the variational condition formulated. As an
example, numerical computations for a two-dimensional lattice gas on a squa
re lattice with attractive interaction between nearest neighbours were carr
ied out. The critical temperature, the phase coexistence curve, the chemica
l potential and particle and vacancy distribution functions coincide within
a few per cent with exact or with Monte Carlo data.