Primary papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum: CT-pathologic correlation

We present the CT findings of three cases of primary papillary serous carci noma of the peritoneum. All patients presented with massive ascites. CT of the abdomen and pelvis showed omental caking in all patients. The parietal peritoneum of the pelvis showed diffuse enhancement with nodular thickening in all patients. No calcification was noted in the omental and parietal pe ritoneal masses, although psammoma bodies were present microscopically in o ne case. The ovaries were normal in size but showed a fine enhancing surfac e nodularity similar to the pelvic peritoneum. The CT findings of primary p apillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum are nonspecific, but this diagn osis should be considered when peritoneal carcinomatosis is seen on CT with normal-sized ovaries in the absence of other primary malignant neoplasms.