We have measured current-voltage characteristics of a two-dimensional array
of small tunnel junctions at temperatures from 1.4 to 4.2 K. This correspo
nds to thermal energies larger than the charging energy. We show that 2D-ar
rays can be used as primary thermometers in the same way as 1D-arrays, and
have several advantages over 1D-arrays. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All
rights reserved.