Parametrization of heat and moisture transfer in groundwater-soil-plant (snow) cover-atmosphere systems for territories with continental climate

A modified version of the SWAP model describing the formation of a hydrothe rmal regime in a groundwater-soil-plant land snow) cover-atmosphere system has been presented. Model modifications related to water exchange and soil water-groundwater interactions have been examined in detail. A thorough ver ification of the model has been performed for an experimental catchment wit h an intricate hydrological regime (Usad'evskii Ravine, Valdai Upland).