A questionnaire was sent to the chief surgeons at 141 Swiss hospitals to ev
aluate their knowledge and acceptance of telemedicine in surgery. The respo
nse rate was 69%. Ninety-three per cent of all surgical departments used co
mputer technology, 85% regularly used the Web and 88% had an internal hospi
tal network. ISDN lines were used in 58% of the participants' hospitals. Wh
ile 35% of respondents had participated at least once in networking, only 8
% regularly used telemedicine. The opinion was that access to therapeutic a
dvice (87%) was a better use of telemedicine than was obtaining a primary d
iagnosis (24%), although the majority accepted the principle of making (91%
) and receiving (94%) a remote diagnosis. The survey suggested that surgeon
s are interested in telemedicine and open to its development, although thei
r experience and knowledge are limited. Therefore, telemedicine in surgery
may be advanced by creating surgical networks for teleconsultation and tele
-education.