Magnetic splitting of valence states in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic lanthanide metals

The magnetic splitting of Delta(2) valence states in the heavy lanthanide m etals Gd, Tb, Dy, and Ho was studied in epitaxial films by angle-resolved p hotoemission, revealing an essentially Stoner-like temperature dependence i n all cases. It scales linearly with the 4f spin moment, even in the case o f the helical antiferromagnet Ho. Such a behavior can be explained by a sub stantial localization of the corresponding wave function in the c direction . The helical magnetic structure was confirmed For the thin Ho films by in situ resonant magnetic x-ray diffraction.