The endocannabinoid system as a target for therapeutic drugs

Cannabinoid receptors, the molecular targets of the cannabis constituent De lta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, are present throughout the body and are normal ly bound by a family of endogenous lipids - the endocannabinoids, Release o f endocannabinoids is stimulated in a receptor-dependent manner by neurotra nsmitters and requires the enzymatic cleavage of phospholipid precursors pr esent in the membranes of neurons and other cells. Once released, the endoc annabinoids activate cannabinoid receptors on nearby cells and are rapidly inactivated by transport and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. These compoun ds might act near their site of synthesis to serve a variety of regulatory functions, some of which are now beginning to be understood. Recent advance s in the biochemistry and pharmacology of the endocannabinoid system in rel ation to the opportunities that this system offers for the development of n ovel therapeutic agents will be discussed.