Transgenic and eugenic animals as small as 30 g can be studied noninvasivel
y by radionuclides with resolutions of 1-2 mm, by MRT with resolution of 10
0 mu m and by light fluorescence and bioluminescence with high sensitivitie
s. The technologies of radionuclide emission, magnetic resonance imaging, m
agnetic resonance spectroscopy, optical tomography, optical fluorescence an
d optical bioluminescence are currently being applied to small-animal studi
es. These technologies and examples of their applications are reviewed in t
his chapter.