J. Cho et al., Improvement of structural stability of LiCoO2 cathode during electrochemical cycling by sol-gel coating of SnO2, EL SOLID ST, 3(8), 2000, pp. 362-365
We report that sol-gel coating of SnO2 and subsequent heat-treatment at rel
atively low temperature greatly improve the structural stability of LiCoO2
cathodes. Coated LiCoO2 materials heat-treated at 400 and 500 degrees C exh
ibit excellent structural stability, retaining 86 and 84%, respectively, of
their initial capacities after 47 cycles between 4.4 and 2.75 V at the 0.5
C rate. This is attributed to the disappearance of the transition to a hex
agonal phase from a monoclinic phase at 4.15-4.2 V during cycling, a result
of the formation of nonuniform Sn distribution throughout the particle, i.
e., higher Sn concentration near the particle surface. In contrast, coated
LiCoO2 heat-treated at 600 degrees C that shows uniform Sn distribution thr
oughout the particles exhibits this phase transition during cycling, as doe
s uncoated LiCoO2, leading to 51% capacity loss after 47 cycles. This phase
transition also increases cation disorder upon cycling. (C) 2000 The Elect
rochemical Society. S1099-0062(00)03-128-X. All rights reserved.