We discuss some of the biological and mathematical issues involved in under
standing and modelling the bursting electrical activity in pancreatic beta-
cells. These issues include single-cell versus islet behaviour, parameter h
eterogeneity, channel noise, the effects of hormones, neurotransmitters, an
d ions, and multiple slow biophysical processes. Some of the key experiment
al and modelling studies are described, and some of the major open question
s are discussed.