This study examined the potential link between housing quality and mental h
ealth. First, the development of a psychometrically sound, observer-based i
nstrument to assess physical housing quality in ways conceptually relevant
to psychological health is reported. Then 2 different studies, including a
prospective longitudinal design, demonstrate that physical housing quality
predicts mental health. Possible underlying psychosocial processes for the
housing quality-psychological distress link are discussed.