Pd. Murray et al., Biphasic and regionally-restricted chemokine expression in the central nervous system in the Theiler's virus model of multiple sclerosis, J NEUROVIRO, 6, 2000, pp. S44-S52
Intracerebral infection of susceptible strains of mice with Theiler's murin
e encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) induces a biphasic disease characterized b
y acute polioencephalitis followed by chronic demyelination and viral persi
stence in the spinal cord white matter. There has been limited study of sol
uble mediators responsible for the initial recruitment of inflammatory cell
s into the gray matter, and the secondary influx into the white matter duri
ng infection with TMEV. We used sensitive and specific RT-PCR/dot blot hybr
idization assays to quantitate the relative levels of chemokine mRNA in the
brains and spinal cords during the acute and chronic phases of TMEV infect
ion in mice susceptible (E10.M, H-2(f)) and resistant (B10, H-2(b)) to viru
s-induced demyelination. TMEV infection resulted in robust expression of mR
NA for IP-10, RANTES, and MCP-l,but not GRO-alpha, in brains and spinal cor
ds in both strains of mice within 5 days. By day 21, virus was cleared, inf
lammation reduced, and expression of all three chemokines subsided to basel
ine levels in the brains and spinal cords of resistant mice, and the brains
of susceptible mice. Chemokine expression was also reduced in the spinal c
ords of susceptible mice, corresponding to a shift in TMEV replication from
the gray to the white matter. During the chronic, demyelinating phase of i
nfection, there was a resurgence in IP-10, RANTES, and MCP-1 mRNA in spinal
cords of susceptible B10.M mice, This study demonstrates the coordinated r
egulation and regionally restricted expression of chemokines in a biphasic
disease of the central nervous system and provides greater understanding of
the mechanism by which inflammation is established and maintained in the C
NS.