Wave impact on a wall using pressure-impulse theory. II. porous berm

Breakwaters often stand on a rubble mound or have a rubble berm in front of the structure. The pressure-impulse model for violent water-wave impact on a wall fronted by an impermeable bed is extended to include a porous regio n simulating a porous berm. The effect of different berm porosities on the pressure impulse is investigated. Even some large changes in porosity are f ound to have little effect (at most 20%) on the pressure impulse both on th e wall and along the berm. However, in this study evolution toward the wall is not included.