After making a general description of the properties of macroscopic superpo
sitions of collective atomic states, we present a detailed analysis of a me
thod for their experimental realization recently proposed by C.C. Gerry and
R. Grobe [Phys. Rev. A 56, 2390 (1997)] which is based on cavity QED techn
iques involving the manipulation of electromagnetic and matter fields. Spec
ific conditions and limitations of the procedure are discussed.