Phialophora and some similar morphologically little-differentiated anamorphs of divergent ascomycetes

Phialophora is a little-differentiated genus of more or less pigmented, phi alidic hyphomycetes. With the addition of numerous species, it has become h ighly polyphyletic, comprising anamorphs of discomycetes, pyrenomycetes and loculoascomycetes. The core of the genus consists of anamorphs of Capronia in the Herpotrichiellaceae, Chaetothyriales. Some taxa have already been s egregated from Phialophora into genera such as Lecythophora (Coniochaetacea e) and Phaeoacremonium (Magnaporthaceae?). Ascomycete orders in which phial ophora-like fungi have been placed are reviewed, and some further segregati on is proposed. For the common anamorphs of the discomycete family Dermatea ceae, the old generic name Cadophora is available and should be used for Ph . fastigiata and related taxa (one new combination). For anamorphs of Gaeum annomyces and Magnaporthe (Magnaporthaceae), a new genus, Harpophora, is pr oposed with four new combinations. Criteria that allow a correlation with t he suggested broad-scale subdivision are outlined.