Arnold Relman argues that medical education does not prepare students and r
esidents to practice their profession in today's corporate health care syst
em. Corporate health care administrators agree: Physicians enter the workfo
rce unskilled in contract negotiation, evidence-based medicine, navigating
bureaucratic systems, and so forth. What about practicing physicians? Do th
ey agree as well? According to this study, they do. Feeling like decentered
double agents and unprepared, physicians find themselves professionally lo
st, struggling to balance issues of cost and care and expressing lots of ne
gativity toward the cultures of medicine and managed care. However, physici
ans are resilient. A group of physicians, who may be called proactive, are
meeting the professional demands of corporate health care by becoming sophi
sticated about its bureaucratic organization and the ways in which their pr
ofessional and personal commitments fit within the system. Following the le
ad of proactive physicians, the auf hors support Relman's thesis that educa
tion for both students and physicians requires a major overhaul.