The discourse about drinking is translating values and principles of organi
sation prevalent in a society. Certain groups are subject to a pathologisin
g of drunkenness (for instance, members of the lower classes, women, adoles
cents), while others are granted a right to inebriation (for instance, arti
sts) or it is even expected of them. Medicine as the new bourgeois 'natural
science' was deeply involved in the creation of this 'natural order'; also
, economic interests have been responsible. Research in anthropology and cu
ltural studies refutes the dominant assumption of the effects of consuming
alcohol being physiologically determine, and instead shows that inebriation
is a historically produced cultural technique.