Use of cis-bis-neodecanoato-trans-R,R-1,2-diaminocyclohexane platinum (II), a liposomal cisplatin analogue, in cats with oral squamous cell carcinoma

Objective-To determine clinical response and toxic effects of cis-bis-neode canoato-trans-R, R-1,2-diaminocyclohexane platinum (II) (L-NDDP) administer ed IV at escalating doses to cats with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Animals-18 cats with oral SCC. Procedure-Cats that failed to respond to con ventional treatment or had nonresectable tumors were included. Data include d a CBC, serum biochemical analyses, urinalysis, cytologic examination of a fine-needle aspirate of enlarged lymph nodes, and thoracic and oral radiog raphs for clinical staging. A starting dose (75 to 100 mg/m(2) of L-NDDP) w as administered IV. At 21-day intervals, subsequent doses increased by the rate of 5 or 10 mg/m(2). Response was evaluated every 21 days by tumor meas urement and thoracic radiography. Quality of life was assessed by owners, u sing a performance status questionnaire. Results-On average, cats received 2 treatments. Toxicoses included an inter mittent, acute anaphylactoid-parasympathomimetic reaction, lethargy or seda tion (less than or equal to 24 hours), inappetence or signs of depression ( less than or equal to 72 hours), mild to moderate increase in hepatic enzym e activity, and melena. Pulmonary, renal, or hematopoietic abnormalities we re not evident. Performance status surveys indicated normal behavior and gr ooming or decreased activity and self-care (19/20 assessments), ate well wi th or without assistance (15/20), and did not lose weight (15/20). Median s urvival time was 59.8 days (mean, 54.1 days). Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-L-NDDP was ineffective for treatment of cats with oral SCC. None of the cats had a complete or partial remission. A cute toxicoses and poor therapeutic response limit therapeutic usefulness o f L-NDDP in cats, unless dosage, frequency, and administration procedures c an be improved.