Early non-elective readmission for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with weight loss

Aim: To identify risk factors for early nonelective readmission in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, previously admitted for an exa cerbation of their disease. Clinical characteristics were analysed with spe cial emphasis on body weight on admission and weight changes during hospita lization. Methods: The computerized hospital database was used to select all hospital admissions in 1994 and 1995 with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmo nary disease as main discharge diagnosis. Cases were retained if they were nonelectively readmitted within 14 days after prior discharge, and if they had no oedema. Controls were randomly selected from the discharge listing a nd were not readmitted within 3 months. Cases and controls were matched on several parameters including FEV1% predicted obtained during a stable phase of the disease. Hospital charts were reviewed for clinical parameters on a dmission, discharge and readmission. Results: Fourteen cases were retained in the study. On admission, lung func tion, blood gases and parameters describing morbidity and social factors, w ere not different in cases and controls. The discharge procedure was adequa te. During hospitalization the cases lost weight (mean+/-SD) (-1.6+/-1.9 kg , P = 0.01), while controls remained weight stable. Using a matched pairs l ogistic regression analysis, weight loss during hospitalization (P = 0.011) and low BMI on admission (P = 0.046) were related to the increased risk of unplanned readmission. Conclusion: These findings provide further support for the concept that nut ritional status is related to morbidity in COPD. (C) 2000 Harcourt Publishe rs Ltd.