Controlling human polymorphonuclear leukocytes motility using microfabrication technology

We describe a new approach for controlling cell motility on a material surf ace. Transparent, photosensitive polyimide materials were used to fabricate physical structures on glass; cell motility was then followed over time us ing optical microscopy. Arrays of pillars and holes with 2 micron square, 4 -mu m height (or depth) separated by 10 mu m were successfully patterned us ing photolithography. Neutrophils attached and spread on the smooth glass s urface and surfaces with pillars. In contrast, cells were rounded and did n ot adhere to either smooth polyimide film or films with holes. The migratio n of neutrophils was much faster on holes than on polyimide surface, but it was significantly slower on pillars than on glass. These results suggest t hat physical patterning may be an effective tool to manipulate cell migrati on in the design of biomaterials for tissue engineering. (C) 2000 John Wile y & Sons, Inc.