Reducing negative thinking and depressive symptoms in college women

Purpose: Although cognitive-behavioral interventions have been successful i n treating depression, no studies were found that focused solely on reducin g negative thinking via group intervention as a means of preventing depress ion in at-risk groups. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to test the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral group intervention in r educing depressive symptoms, decreasing negative thinking, and enhancing se lf-esteem in young women at risk for depression. Design: A randomized controlled trial with 92 college women ages 18 to 24 w ho were at risk for depression was conducted. Method: Participants were randomly assigned to either the control or experi mental group. The experimental group participated in a 6-week cognitive-beh avioral group intervention. Data on self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and n egative thinking were collected via self-report questionnaires from control and experimental groups at baseline, 2 month after the intervention, and a t 6-month follow-up. Data were analyzed using mixed-model methodology and t he Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel chi-square test. Findings: Compared to those in the control group, women who received the in tervention had a greater decrease in depressive symptoms and negative think ing and a greater increase in self-esteem, and these beneficial effects wer e maintained over 6-months. Conclusions: The findings document the effectiveness of this cognitive-beha vioral group intervention and indicate empirical support for the beneficial effects of reducing negative thinking by the use of affirmations and thoug ht-stopping techniques on women's mental health.