Developmental regulation of methyl benzoate biosynthesis and emission in snapdragon flowers

In snapdragon flowers, the volatile ester methyl benzoate is the most abund ant scent compound. It is synthesized by and emitted from only the upper an d lower lobes of petals, where pollinators (bumblebees) come in contact wit h the flower. Emission of methyl benzoate occurs in a rhythmic manner, with maximum emission during the day, which correlates with pollinator activity . A novel S-adenosyl-L-methionine:benzoic acid carboxyl methyl transferase (BAMT), the final enzyme in the biosynthesis of methyl benzoate, and its co rresponding cDNA have been isolated and characterized. The complete amino a cid sequence of the BAMT protein has only low levels of sequence similarity to other previously characterized proteins, including plant O-methyl trans ferases. During the life span of the flower, the levels of methyl benzoate emission, BAMT activity, BAMT gene expression, and the amounts of BAMT prot ein and benzoic acid are developmentally and differentially regulated. Line ar regression analysis revealed that production of methyl benzoate is regul ated by the amount of benzoic acid and the amount of BAMT protein, which in turn is regulated at the transcriptional level.