Direct comparison of auditory implicit memory tests

In this experiment, we examined the degree to which four implicit tests and two explicit tests, all involving auditory presentation, were sensitive to the perceptual characteristics of the stimuli presented during study. Pres enting stimuli visually decreased priming in all the implicit memory tests, relative to auditory presentation. However, changing voice between study a nd test decreased priming only in the implicit memory tests requiring ident ification of words degraded by noise or by low-pass filtering, but not in t hose tests requiring generation from word portions (stems and fragments). M odality effects without voice effects were observed in cued recall, but the opposite pattern of results (voice effects without modality effects) was o btained in recognition. The primary new finding is the demonstration that a uditory memory tests, both explicit and implicit, differ in their sensitivi ty to the perceptual information encoded during study.