Tyb. Leung et al., Structure and growth of 4-methyl-4 '-mercaptobiphenyl monolayers on Au(111): a surface diffraction study, SURF SCI, 458(1-3), 2000, pp. 34-52
In an attempt to quantify the role played by the rigidity of the molecular
backbone on the self-assembly process, monolayers of 4-methyl-4'-mercaptobi
phenyl assembled on Au(111) were characterized by grazing incidence X-ray d
iffraction and low-energy atomic beam diffraction. Two phases of different
density were observed. In the low-density striped' phase, the diffraction p
attern is consistent with a commensurate rectangular (8 x 2 root 3) surface
lattice. Systematic absences and the intensity modulation in the diffracti
on pattern suggest that the structure can be composed by staggered molecula
r rows arranged in a head-to-head orientation with their molecular axes clo
se to the surface. The diffraction pattern of the high-density phase can be
described by a commensurate (root 3 x root 3)R30 degrees surface lattice.
The measured intensity variation along the (1,1) Bragg rod is consistent wi
th a tilt angle of at most 19 degrees from the surface normal. Therefore, b
oth similarities and differences with the diffraction patterns of the low-d
ensity phase and the high-density phase of the monolayers of n-alkanethiol
on Au(111) have been detected. The thermal behavior of the monolayers of 4-
methyl-4'-mercaptobiphenyl was also examined. Both phases are found to be t
hermally more stable than the corresponding phases of monolayers of n-alkan
ethiols. Finally, the growth behavior of the monolayers of 4-methyl-4'-merc
aptobiphenyl was investigated and various growth protocols were tried. Comp
ared with the case of n-alkanethiol monolayers, the high-density phase of t
he monolayers of 4-methyl-4'-mercaptobiphenyl is more difficult to prepare.
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