Outcomes of universal antenatal screening for haemoglobinopathies

Objective-To evaluate universal antenatal screening for haemoglobinopathies . Setting-District general hospital serving a London borough with 45% ethnic minorities. Methods-Retrospective cohort study of 1444 women referred in 1688 pregnanci es and 95 tertiary referrals during 101 pregnancies. Results-Unselected women at risk for sickle cell disease booked 2.7 weeks ( 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14 to 5.1) later in gestation than those at risk for beta thalassaemia were less likely to attend counselling (83% v 93 %, relative risk (RR) 0.89; 95% CI 0.85 to 0.94), their partners were less likely to be tested (77% v 95%, RR 0.81; 0.77 to 0.83), and they were less likely to accept prenatal diagnosis (22% v 90%, RR 0.37; 0.24 to 0.57). Over 99% of tertiary referrals attended counselling and had their partners tested. There were no significant differences in acceptance of prenatal dia gnosis between those at risk of sickle cell disease and beta thalassaemia ( 55% v 67%). Unselected women at risk of sickle cell disease were significantly less lik ely to have their partner tested or to accept prenatal diagnosis than terti ary referrals, brit not those at risk of beta thalassaemia. 80% of beta tha lassaemia and 16% of SS births were prevented. Conclusions-Uptake of prenatal diagnosis among unselected women at risk of beta thalassaemia is similar to that reported by tertiary centres. It is co nsiderably lower for sickle cell disease but could increase considerably if screening occurred earlier in gestation. Acceptance of counselling is universally high, suggesting that informed cho ices are made, and indicating a need to measure these outcomes for cost eff ectiveness studies.