Extensive biopsy protocol improves the detection rate of prostate cancer

Purpose: We evaluated improvement in the rate of prostate cancer detection when using an extensive biopsy protocol involving peripheral cores. Materials and Methods: We prospectively evaluated 303 consecutive men who u nderwent transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy due to elevated prostate spec ific antigen (PSA) and/or abnormal digital rectal examination. Ten biopsies were performed, including at least 5 at the base and middle of each lobe. In addition to standard biopsy at a 45-degree angle, a more peripheral 30-d egree angle biopsy was obtained. At the apex only 1 standard biopsy was don e. However, when prostate volume was greater than 50 cm.(3), an additional peripheral biopsy was obtained at the apex. Results: The complication rate in this biopsy protocol was 1% (3 patients). Prostate cancer was detected in 118 of the 303 men (38.9%). Overall this e xtensive protocol resulted in 6.6% improvement in the detection rate. Impro vement was 6.5% in men with PSA 10 ng./ml. or less and 7% in those with PSA greater than 10 (not significant). Conclusions: Increasing the number of biopsy cores and improving prostate p eripheral zone sampling resulted in a significant improvement in the detect ion of prostate cancer.