In aggregation theory, index numbers are judged relative to their ability t
o track the exact aggregator functions nested within the economy's structur
e. We compare two statistical index numbers-the Divisia monetary aggregate
and the simple-sum monetary aggregate-with the exact rational expectations
monetary aggregate, using actual data. Because we are not using simulated d
ata, we estimate the parameters of the Euler equations, and thereby of the
nested monetary aggregator function, using the generalized method of moment
s. We explore the tracking errors of the two index numbers relative to the
estimated exact aggregate. We investigate the circumstances under which ris
k aversion increases tracking; error. We also use polyspectral methods to t
est for the existence of remaining nonlinear structure in the residual trac
king errors.