K. Blaum et al., Isotope shifts and hyperfine structure in the [Xe]4f(7)5d 6s(2) D-2(J) -> [Xe]4f(7)5d 6s 6p F-9(J+1) transitions of gadolinium, EUR PHY J D, 11(1), 2000, pp. 37-44
High-resolution resonance ionization mass spectrometry has been used to mea
sure isotope shifts and hyperfine structure in all [Xe]4f(7)5d(6)s(2) D-9(J
) --> [Xe]4f(7)5d6s6p F-9(J+1) (J = 2-6) and the [Xe]4f(7)5d6s(2) D-9(6) --
> [Xe]4f(7)5d6s6p, D-9(5) transitions of gadolinium (Gd I). Gadolinium atom
s in an atomic beam were excited with a tunable single-frequency laser in t
he wavelength range of 422-429 am. Resonant excitation was followed by phot
oionization with the 363.8 nm line of an argon ion laser and resulting ions
were mass separated and detected with a quadrupole mass spectrometer. Isot
ope shifts for all stable gadolinium isotopes in these transitions have bee
n measured for the first time. Additionally, the hyperfine structure consta
nts of the upper states have been derived for the isotopes Gd-155,Gd-157. a
nd are compared with previous work. Using prior experimental values for the
mean nuclear charge radii, derived from the combination of muonic atoms an
d electron scattering data, field shift and specific mass shift; coefficien
ts for the investigated transitions have been determined and nuclear charge
parameters lambda for the minor isotopes Gd-152,Gd-154 have been calculate
d.