The acute effects of postoperative radiation therapy on the transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap used in immediate breast reconstruction

Purpose: To analyze the acute effects of postoperative radiation therapy on the transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap reconstruction fo llowing modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer. Methods and Materials: Twenty-five consecutive patients were treated with p ostoperative radiation therapy after TRAM flap reconstruction between 1985 and 1999, The radiation records for these patients were retrospectively rev iewed. Information regarding treatment techniques, timing, and dose was obt ained and correlated with the extent of erythema, desquamation, and the nee d for treatment break. Results: The median age was 48 years, The median dose of chest wall radiati on was 5040 cGy, Additional boost doses were delivered in 13 patients. Twel ve patients (48%) developed mild erythema in the treatment field during the course of treatment and 13 patients (52%) developed moderate (40%) or bris k (12%) erythema, Only 10 patients (40%) developed any kind of desquamation ; 5 patients (20%) developed dry desquamation and another 5 patients (20%) developed moist desquamation, No patients required a break in the course of treatment because of acute side effects. None of the parameters evaluated (the use of chemotherapy prior to radiation, the interval between surgery a nd radiation, smoking, prior incidence of fat necrosis, the use of bolus du ring radiation, and the use of a boost) were predictive of an increased inc idence of either the extent of erythema or the development of desquamation in the treatment field. Conclusion: Postmastectomy radiation for TRAM flap reconstruction is well t olerated and is not associated with an increased incidence of acute side ef fects, Radiation technique and the use of preradiation chemotherapy do not appear to be correlated with an increased incidence of acute side effects, (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Inc.