R. Carminati et al., Reciprocity, unitarity, and time-reversal symmetry of the S matrix of fields containing evanescent components - art. no. 012712, PHYS REV A, 6201(1), 2000, pp. 2712
We derive general relationships of the S matrix of fields containing evanes
cent components. Our formalism covers time-independent quantum scattering a
s well as scattering of classical scalar waves. We show that reciprocity, e
nergy (or probability) conservation, and time-reversal symmetry in the pres
ence of evanescent waves lead to relationships that extend the well-known r
elations previously derived in asymptotic scattering. On this basis, we dis
cuss the link between reciprocity and time-reversal symmetry. We also addre
ss the experimental feasibility of time reversal of a field containing evan
escent components.