Head lice is the most frequently occurring communicable disease, except for
the common cold, among children in the United States. The impact on a fami
ly facing the challenge of head lice is tremendous, ranging from emotional
to financial distress. Challenges also face the health care provider and sc
hool personnel. Many over-the-counter preparations and prescription product
s are available to combat head lice. With the alleged advent of pediculicid
e-resistant head lice, many other products and applications not necessarily
intended to treat head lice are being recommended. The purpose of this art
icle is to outline the products and procedures currently being utilized and
to provide a starting point for treating head lice.